For many women we spoke with, early menopause (EM) had a significant impact on work or study, as well as their finances.
Impact of EM on work or study
Most women were in paid employment before and during the process of being diagnosed with and seeking help for EM; a few were studying. Experiences of the impact of EM on employment or study depended on several factors: the extent of women’s symptoms, the amount of time they needed to take off work and study, their employment conditions, and the degree of support they received from employers or educational institutions.
Symptoms
Trying to work or study while experiencing EM symptoms was challenging for most women, particularly if they had not been taking HRT (see Taking hormone-based medications for early menopause: Women’s experiences and Non-hormone based medications for early menopause). Women described having to negotiate the temperature of their working environment with colleagues, challenges with dressing appropriately for work while still trying to accommodate hot flushes (see Self-management of symptoms of early menopause), coping with the impact of EM on mood, and trying to deal with the effects of fatigue or a ‘fuzzy brain.’ Ella began experiencing menopausal symptoms in Year 12 and recalled struggling with low mood and concentration: ‘I remember trying to study for the exams, and then having this fuzziness, and – because I was used to cramming the night before, and I couldn’t even cram.’
Theresa, who experienced EM following a risk-reducing bilateral oophorectomy, shared her experiences of how she managed hot flushes at work.
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So the main symptoms that I experienced sort of immediately or almost immediately, that did impact me: I had a bit of the hot flashes, the hot flushes, which were mostly just annoying. They were manageable and not as intense as some people have complained about. But it was difficult, particularly at work when everyone’s freezing and you’re sort of boiling [laughing]. But even if it was for short periods of time. Just again, just uncomfortable and I thought, ‘Oh I’ll just sort of, you know, power through this and it would be all right,’ which was true. Just uncomfortable
It was a very small group, so there was only about three or four of us and the others were aware of what I had, you know, just done and we were quite a close group that worked together. So I would have no problems saying, “Oh my God, I am absolutely boiling!” But it was really because it was a huge building that we shared with many offices, so we had no control over windows, temperatures, anything like that.
So it was really just me saying, “Is everyone else boiling hot?” To which they would say, “No, it’s just you!” [laughing]. And I’d just take off every layer of clothing as I possibly could and still be decent in the office. So that was nice, at least to have that supportive environment, and you can make a joke about it or whatever.
But it did last into a new office as well, with a different group of people that weren’t aware of what I had done and why that was happening. So that was a little bit more challenging. Well, there wasn’t anything that could really be done, except for through the winter a couple of them were absolutely freezing and had little mini heaters. And so I would ask, “Oh, have you had that on long enough? Can we turn that off now because it’s uncomfortable for the rest of us?” That sort of thing. But I think that would happen to lots of people in lots of offices anywhere where people feel the temperatures differently. So I didn’t, you know, go any further than that really, and just being in basically a t-shirt in the middle of the winter while everybody else had gloves on.
Joanna felt her memory had been affected by cancer treatment and EM, and described the impact of this on her work as a ‘big change.’
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That impact of memory stuff I think has definitely had an impact on my work in that I have to prepare for meetings in advance a lot more. I feel like I can’t wing stuff like I used to and maybe it’s more apparent to me than to other people, but I sense that, you know. I was doing a webinar last week, a webcast and whereas previously I could have just had, like, five dot points up there and spoken for half an hour, now I almost have to write out a script.
Whether I have to refer to it or not is another thing but I feel like if I don’t have it there I might forget something and I don’t feel confident. I’m very particular about choice of words in written materials and speaking and I feel a really strong sense that I might forget the exact words that I’d like to use. I’ve worked in government for years and choice of words is really important in some contexts and I just feel like I struggle to find words sometimes, you know, or you’ll use a word that you think ‘That’s not the one I wanted to use,’ you know. I’ve always been terrible with directions. That hasn’t improved [laughing] or gotten worse but – just general I think memory is the big thing. Yeah. That’s been a big change.
Taking time off and returning to work
Women with medically-induced EM discussed their experiences of taking time off work or study or in some cases resign from their jobs. Time off was needed when women were unwell, for medical appointments or hospital stays, or to recover from medical treatment. For several, returning to work and having to deal with menopausal symptoms was a further challenge. As Yen-Yi explained, after finishing active cancer treatment, ‘the assumption is you’re through the worst part of it, you should be jumping for joy, you really should be celebrating – this is it, this is the end! But I think a lot of people don’t realise that there’s a very, very long tail to all this.’
Kate was working in a café when she was first diagnosed with breast cancer. She described the impact of both breast cancer and menopausal symptoms on her ability to work.
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When I was first diagnosed, I was doing café work, which I still continued to work at that café every now and then for a while. And my boss there, who was my boss at the start, has become one of my best friends now and she was amazing for me. She would, if she didn’t think I looked well she would send me home. If I felt like I needed to work, she would tell me to come in and work.
In the way of work, I’ve had a lot of help and a lot of support. Probably not so much now because I look okay. People forget what I’ve been through and I feel like sometimes this is the hardest, been the hardest part for me because these hot flushes and sweating has been so bad that I just have to stop and I have to walk out and that’s really hard to do if you’re in a job. Yeah. So it’s definitely been a lot tougher in the last year when I look a lot more healthy and I’ve finished sort of the physical side of treatment. People just kind of forget what you’ve gone through and what you’re still going through to this day. But it’s just I don’t know if I could work full time. Most people hope that I would and, you know, I need to get the money coming back in but it’s just too hard.
And that’s because of all the side effects from early menopause.
Yep. It’s just the side effects. It’s just my body is sore, my knees are aching. I don’t sleep as much any more because I wake up absolutely drenched a few times a night and the hot flushes get so bad that I can’t concentrate. I can’t do anything. I kind of have to walk out of work and just wait until I cool down and then I can walk back in again, and I look like I’ve run a marathon, so it’s, yeah, [laughter] not fun.
A few women who had experienced EM related to cancer or medical treatment described having to ‘scale back’ their work hours, or stop work entirely. Some had voluntarily withdrawn from the workforce for a period of time while a couple of others said they were ‘performance managed’ out of their roles or given no realistic option but to resign.
After breast cancer treatment,
Linda had to resign because her employer would not allow her to work part-time. As a single mother, she needed to keep working so started her own business.
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When I had breast cancer and I had chemotherapy, given that I was having HERCEPTIN [trastuzumab] for another, you know, 12 months after that, I didn’t feel I’d be able to go back to work full time. And I worked as a manager within the health care, like, an NGO. And so I had a chat with my manager who said, “You can’t come back to your job part time so you either need to make a decision to come back full time or not come back at all.”
And so then, as I was finishing my chemotherapy treatment, so by that stage I think it’d had about, like, six months off, to then be told I couldn’t go back to my job unless I was prepared to work full time, which at that stage I didn’t have the capacity to, was horrible. It was a real kick in the teeth. And to work for a health care organisation who said that. So that’s when I decided to start my own business. So I’ve now had my own business for 10 years.
Employment conditions
The nature of women’s jobs affected the impact of EM symptoms. For example, women who worked in hospitality or retail commented that hot flushes and fatigue could make ‘busy’ roles in which they were ‘on [their] feet all day’ very difficult, particularly if they could not easily take breaks.
Sonia recalled her experience of ‘working through’ early menopause in her hospitality job.
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I work in the hospitality industry, and I worked in a particularly busy restaurant at that time, frantically busy, the possibility of taking breaks was simply not there, and financially I was not able to take any sort of time off work. And I did simply work through it. And of course everyone works through menopause. However my work was exceedingly physical, physically, not only exceedingly physical, but exceedingly physically stressful, just the physical output that I had to do every day. And it was enormously detrimental to my health.
And there were days that were just terrible. The only break I ever remember taking is, I was at work one day, and I was actually having a period, it was one of the last – it might have even been the last, I don’t actually remember, but it was certainly one of the last. And it was extremely heavy and painful. And I actually just had to go upstairs and kind of double over and lie down for half an hour. But I couldn’t take the shift off or go home or whatever, so that’s what I did, and it was hard.
And also no one really knew what, what was going on and you can’t say at work, you know, “Oh, I’m sort of in the middle of menopause.” It just wasn’t on [laughing]. So yeah, I just worked through it. But it was enormously detrimental to my health to do that, I wouldn’t advise it to anyone.
The best thing I ever did for my health going through menopause and beyond is to slow everything right down. I changed to a much less stressful job within the industry. I worked way fewer hours, and that’s had an enormous financial impact, but my health was more important. So that’s what I’ve done.
And even once I had shifted to the next job which was sort of much easier going, still physical but easier going [laughing], I went through a period of terrible hot flushing for quite some time. And I would just go and stand in the cool room, like, 20 times a day. And I was forever throwing clothes on and off, yeah. And I think also it’s, you know, women don’t really talk about the effects of menopause terribly much. Of course people say, “Oh yes, I’m hot flushing,” or, “Yes, I don’t sleep.” But constant hot flushing has a sort of terrible effect on the body, and it’s really exhausting. It’s just really wearing to raise temperature, drop temperature, raise temperature, drop temperature – at one point I must have been doing it 30 times a day, when it was really bad.
Women who worked as teachers or trainers or in service jobs involving interaction with others (e.g. customers or patients) described feeling self-conscious about hot flushes or having to remove clothing layers.
Louise worked in retail and found hot flushes ‘really embarrassing.’ She was grateful that she did not have to work full-time.
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It’s definitely affected my work, and it’s also affected the ability to increase my work, my workload.
Fatigue?
Fatigue, yes, and because the hot flushes were so embarrassing I would just think ‘Well, at least I’m only here one day a week,’ or ‘At least I’ve only got another hour to go.’ Whereas if I had to do that all day, every day, I think it would be very emotionally draining, yeah, very hard.
And it was really embarrassing, really embarrassing. Because you feel it like in your stomach, like, “Oh, I’m getting hot!” Then it creeps all the way up, and into your face, and right up to the top of your head, and then I would start to sweat. So then it would all like just come out of me, and I’d be bright red, so embarrassing.
And because I work in retail, I would have customers, and I guess we have a large client base that are older women, and I just kept thinking when I was having these hot flushes, ‘If they knew what I was going through, these are women who would understand. Like they would get why I look like this, because no one else does, like not in my age group.’
Where you asked any questions at work about it, like about what was happening?
No, not asked, but I would get looks. Like I told my boss, and she was very comforting and it wasn’t awkward at all, where I thought it would be. Then the occasional customer would complain about their menopause, and I would say, “Oh, I know how you feel!” [laughing]
A university educator,
Eden talked about feeling self-conscious taking layers off in winter in some settings but not in others.
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There are moments when I’m having a hot flush, especially in the past and especially in winter. And I have to admit, then I am self-conscious. For example, if I take off this cardigan, I am wearing what is essentially a summer blouse with relatively short sleeves, light cotton and if this is all that I’m comfortable in I feel self-conscious walking around a classroom.
And some students don’t just keep their cardigans on, they keep their outdoor jackets on – as if they’re going to make a break for it – and I walk around, or I don’t, and I force myself to stay in the cardigan just because I feel a little bit conspicuous, because it is a little bit weird like when you see people, it’s freezing cold and like they’re in short skirts with no leggings or something and you think, ‘Oooh, you must be cold!’
Do you still feel a bit awkward like that, like you will keep your jumper on?
I’d say that was about a classroom of students. If it were my friends or the lunch room or something like that, I wouldn’t feel self-conscious and if it even entered my mind I would think, ‘But my needs come first, I don’t care, I just don’t care.’ But I think with students I do. Maybe because we don’t know each other.
Support from employers or educational institutions
The support women received from employers or educational institutions made a significant difference to their experiences of EM at work. Some women had flexible, accommodating managers (if employees) or lecturers (if students), who gave them time off when needed and were ‘understanding’ when women disclosed their diagnosis of EM. Access to sick leave or other support services helped women maintain jobs or stay enrolled in study courses.
During her experience of ovarian cancer and EM,
Naomi appreciated the security and flexibility of her job in a family business.
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I’m lucky with work that it hasn’t. Because I know most people, if you’re just a normal employee then taking the amount of sick leave and whatever could make things difficult. But being a family business that has really been a lifesaver I think because not only has it kept, you know, I’ve got the financial security of knowing that I’m not going to lose my job. It also has kept me engaged in something other than what’s going on personally and I can…
I’m one of these people, too, that if I’ve had a surgery and the doctor says to take six weeks off work I’m like, ‘God, what am I going to do for six weeks? I’ll go stir crazy.’ It’s like, ’I can’t sit there and watch Netflix for six weeks. I’d just go mad.’ [laughing] So it’s been really good to be able to, you know, even go in. And there’s even [laughing] a little bed in the back of the [laughing] back of the office so I can go in and, you know, potter around a little bit and [laughing] do a little bit and then, “Oh, I’m tired. I’m going to have a lie down.” [laughing] And that’s – yeah, I couldn’t ask for a better situation to be in in terms of work.
Vicki struggled with menopausal symptoms and side-effects from HRT, as well as other health problems related to Turner Syndrome. She shared how she approached her studies so that she could complete her course.
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So when you would change the combination and the dose and whatever, like how long would you have to try it until they would reassess?
Oh, often I would struggle to get to the three month mark. And we would try, I would try and do things so it was in uni breaks, because that would give me a good six weeks. But if sometime… like there was at least one time where things went pear shaped and I became quite unwell, and I did end up… I think I did go back to uni doing just one subject, which I’m so glad I did that and didn’t defer, because it was my way of just keeping my foot in the door. I didn’t throw in the rag. I just kept my foot in the door.
I was studying only part-time, but I treated it like… I made uni my hub, including campus ministry, all that. Made it my hub and so I might be there five days a week, but on one day I’d have campus ministry and gym, and study. Another day I might have classes and study. Another day I might have my part-time job that was on campus with one of the departments. So I might have a five hour shift with them and maybe a bit of study or a bit of gym. So I had to be structured but flexible, was my approach. And when you’re on a roll you just go with it [laughing].
Other women described encountering negative reactions from employers, lecturers or colleagues, including inflexibility, indifference, or insensitivity. Working in male-dominated environments or for male managers could be particularly challenging. As the only female executive in her company, Sylvia felt there was no tolerance for ‘weakness’ within the senior management team. She was moved into a part-time role against her wishes while away from work for cancer treatment and when Sylvia resisted this on her return, she was ‘put on performance management’, and eventually ‘terminated.’ Female co-workers could also be unsupportive, as Lydia found with a co-worker who drew attention to her hot flushes: ‘It was just such a silly thing, but it would always upset me and I’d say to her “I don’t understand why you comment on it, I actually don’t like it” – but she found it funny.’
Mary shared her experiences of working for a manager to whom she did not feel comfortable disclosing her diagnosis of EM.
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And there were times my boss, not very understanding. [laughing] It was like, “Oh, you need a medical certificate. You need…” I’m like, “Yeah, I know that. Okay. I’m not faking it. It’s like, I’m going through.” And it’s hard. You’re not going to tell your boss, “I’m going through menopause.” Because it just, you don’t want to. It’s just embarrassing and it’s, like, what are you supposed to say? I spoke to some of the female, you know, members of staff at my work. But I didn’t want to tell my male boss I’m going through menopause. I’m 37 or 38, whatever I was at the time.
And I think there was a lot of issues there because I was in and out of hospital and going to see doctors and having a lot of sick days. My boss just wasn’t very understanding at all. And it caused a lot of tension. And I think, you know, he even suggested that I wasn’t really committed to the work and committed to the job. I’m, like, “Yes, I am. But I’m kind of going through something here.” I didn’t know how to say that’s what was happening.
I’m pretty sure one of, like, the – my, you know, he’s the secretary, the assistant secretary was a woman. I’d spoken to her about it and she was very understanding and I’m pretty sure she must have spoken to him because he was asking kind of pointed questions about, “Oh, so…” What did he say one day? Oh, he knew I’d had breast cancer and he said, “Oh, so you must have had chemotherapy then.” And I said, “No.” And I think because they’ve got a medical background they know that if you’ve had chemotherapy it’s a high chance that you go through premature menopause. But my premature menopause had nothing to do with my breast cancer because I never had chemotherapy. It was because of the ovarian issues, I think.
So how do you kind of bring that up in conversation with your boss? [laughing] But it occurred to me later that’s why he was asking me if I’d had chemo, obviously. It caused a lot of tension and I had to leave that job in the end because it was just, it was so awful. It was so awful. Having to deal with all of the, you know, menopause symptoms or perimenopause or whatever it was at the time. And dealing with my job, which was a really high pressure job too, and travelling all over the state, driving for hours and hours and having to listen to everyone else’s issues. [laughing] It takes it out of you after a while and I just had to leave that job. I didn’t have another job to go to and it was a really awful time.
Impact of EM on work: Emotional dimensions
For many women, the ability to keep working, complete their studies, or work in a supportive environment was very important. Women talked about the role of work in helping them feel a sense of ‘normalcy’ and acceptance. Jacqueline compared her two most recent workplaces: ‘I’ve gone from that kind of intense, where women’s problems were seen as women’s problems, to a much more forgiving, much more, it’s alright, you know. We’re all human, you know, it’s not the end of the world.’
After her second recurrence of breast cancer,
Nancy decided to stop her language course. This limited her ability to work, which she found ‘very disappointing.’
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I just study in the TAFE, study English, because you know if you want to study something you have to pass the Level 4, I’m just nearly finish Level 4.
Then you decided to stop when you found out that you were sick?
Yes, because I have to surgery and the chemo, I can’t go back to study. If you study you have a lot of pressure, you have reading and writing every day, lot of pressure. So I don’t want to have pressure. If I have pressure maybe I got sick again. [laughing]
Before you found out you had the cancer, what was your plan about work here?
I want to find a job about, like have some certificate, can use it, easy find some job. I like the job, I like go to work, I don’t want to stay at home. Yes, very disappointing because I like work. I like go to work every day like in China, I do it nearly 20 years. I like it, the feeling. So I still want to work.
Financial impacts
Financial costs related to EM may include costs of medical treatment, private health insurance, and lost income due to reduced work hours or becoming unemployed. For some women, particularly those who were single or who had experienced medically-induced EM, the financial impacts were significant and added to the stress of dealing with EM.
Maree said the financial impact of breast cancer and EM on her and her family had been ‘huge’.
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For us personally it’s had a negative financial impact. My partner was working prior to my cancer diagnosis and during. But quite early on in the piece he’s actually had to leave work because he needed to become the main carer of our two children during the times that I was really sick. I guess the uncertainty of how long this is going to go on for and also whether this is going to be something we have to deal with again in the future has played a big part in our lives in terms of planning for the future. He hasn’t gone back to work since this whole thing began because he had to look after our kids. And so that’s obviously had a big impact on our finances.
I was initially, prior to my diagnosis, I was planning on going back into the workforce when my son started school. And then we had our daughter instead [laughing]. And again once she, we felt she was old enough I was going to go back to work, which hasn’t happened because of all this.
I know I’m not capable at the moment of going back to these physical jobs and so I don’t know what I’ll be looking for when I try to get back into the workforce. And I’m going to have to find someone understanding who realises that I’m going to have appointments always. [laughing] There’s always going to be that factored into it and I’ve got to work around that and so there’s a lot of uncertainty in that respect. And my partner has also experienced increased pain with the arthritis on his knees and that so that impacts on the way he can get back into the workforce and what he can look for and what is available to him.
So we’ve got a lot of obstacles we have to work around [laughing] but I guess it’s just what you have to do. We both want to be back in the workforce because we need the money [laughing] and I want that for a sense of normalcy as well. That’s always, every step of the way, I’ve been like, “I can’t wait just to go back to work and to try and get some normalcy back into my life.” Because the cancer diagnosis completely hijacked this. So I’m really looking forward to that but I just – I see a lot of obstacles and there’s a lot of uncertainty about how we’re going to make this work and how we’re going to go about that so.
But, yeah, financially it’s had a huge impact. [laughing] We both get Centrelink payments. He’s – I was – I was on the parenting payment when I had my daughter and my partner is now receiving that because he is listed as the main carer of the children now. And I’m just on Newstart I think it’s called. But, yeah, obviously it’s not an ideal situation. [laughing]
For others, the financial impacts of EM were manageable because they received care in the public health system, were able to continue working throughout their experience of EM, or had financial support from a partner or family members.
Breast cancer and EM was not a ‘setback’ in financial terms for
Eden and her family, but she recognised it might be different for women in other circumstances.
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What about financial issues associated with, I guess, both of them, cancer and early menopause, was there anything that was really difficult or that you had to adjust?
Sometimes when I saw the doctor it was just faster to see him in his clinic in the rooms in [suburb] sort of thing, so we sometimes paid. The public hospital that he’s attached to is not nearby, it’s not one of the ones in town and I live closer to town. So, I have to take a train out far away and sometimes when it’s like 5 o’clock at the end of the day, and picking up our daughter or just getting home on time for dinner with her, if I had to take a cab I have elected to.
ZOLADEX [goserelin] has its own cost – well, prescription… I mean, to be fair the Australian government, it has paid tonnes and tonnes for my health but it has a prescription fee that you don’t claim back from somewhere. So I have that every month and then the doctor that I go to is not entirely bulk billed, so I get half back. But between that plus the AROMASIN [exemestane], that’s $105 a month. So, there’s that.
To be fair though, you would be disingenuous to say that that takes up a real dent in our income. Like, it just is what it is and that’s okay for us. One day when we’re not paying it, that’ll be lovely too. But I can see how this whole thing would have taken a massive draw for working class women or women who are not in the paid economy, one income households with a very average middle income, this would’ve been a real setback. But of all the ways that this was a setback, it financially wasn’t what it could have been.
Further information:
Talking Points (Women)
Talking Points (Health Practitioners)
Other Resources
- Webpage: Menopause and work (IMS Live – commentaries from International Menopause Society doctors on recently published research related to the impact of natural menopause and work)
- Research project: Women, work and the menopause – a website reporting the findings of a study of over 800 women employed at Australian universities and their experience of work and natural menopause.